The use of ethanol from biomass as a gasoline substitute in cars and light trucks is
possibly one of the most attractive and feasible alternatives to deal with global warming. As
environmental concern grows, many countries are increasing their efforts to consolidate
bioethanol processes and supply. The sustainable production of bioethanol requires well planned
and reasoned development programs to assure that the many environmental, social and economic
concerns related to its use are addressed adequately. The key for making ethanol competitive as an
alternative fuel is the ability to produce it from low-cost biomass. Many countries around the world
are working extensively to develop new technologies for ethanol production from biomass, from
which the lignocellulosic materials conversion seem to be the most promising one. This paper aims
at providing some information about the status of bioethanol production and use around the
world.